Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Semester II Final

Part A

1. Before doing any research, I predict the three most highly ranked presidents in US history will be George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Thomas Jefferson. And the worst would be Richard Nixon.

2. The consistently top four ranked presidents have been Abraham Lincoln, George Washington, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Theodore Roosevelt. Dwight D. Eisenhower and Harry S. Truman have both gone between the five and six spots in the ranking.

3. From the data it seems that the last two spots on the survey have consistently seen Andrew Johnson and James Buchanan as the holders of those positions. The top 10 seem to stay fairly constant with the passing year even though the survey is being taken by many different people. In relation to other presidents, the recent presidents seem to be put in the middle of the pack not really standing out from one another.

4. The participants seem to be well educated all with affiliations to different and diverse college backgrounds. Many seem to be involved in modern day history and enjoy learning and growing their knowledge of the topic. Many of them have backgrounds and professions that focus on humanities. C-SPAN included this to show the people that are taking their surveys so that you can know the general participants and where they come from. If this would not have been included then questions would arise about is the data fabricated and if they were just asking random people on the street as a survey. I believe that the choice of survey participants does not include all educational backgrounds and focuses on professionals.

5.
Public Persuasion
Crisis Leadership
Economic Management
Moral Authority
International Relations
Administrative Skills
Relations with Congress
Vision / Setting an Agenda
Pursued Equal Justice For All
Performance Within Context of Times

6. C-SPAN weighted all 10 categories the same.

7. I would have Crisis Leadership as the top ranked because it is important to have a leader who is calm in the face of adversity, also known as having "ice in their veins". and Second I would rank Performance within context of times because it is important to realize that we are not in the same time period as George Washington or Abraham Lincoln's presidencies. And lastly I would rank Economic Management because money is very important in society and being able to improve the economic situation is critical.

8. My predictions were very close to the C-SPAN survey and this is because I based my judgement off of popular opinion so a survey should reflect the same thing back.

Part B

"On March 16 we celebrate the anniversary of James Madison's birthday. Madison, traditionally viewed as the Father of the United States Constitution, is also seen by many as a defender of open government. He once wrote, "[a] popular Government, without popular information, or the means of acquiring it, is but a Prologue to a Farce or a Tragedy; or, perhaps, both. Knowledge will forever govern ignorance: And a people who mean to be their own Governors, must arm themselves with the power which knowledge gives."1 (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site. In a similar vein, he asserted that "the advancement and diffusion of knowledge" is "the only Guardian of true liberty."

9. James Madison, one of the most influential figures in writing our Constitution was born on March 16, 1751. James Madison fought for his people and for the right that they had to acquire access to the documents that the Government possessed in order to assist in overseeing the public. James Madison believed that the ability to have the people know what was going on is imperative for the success of his country. Madison believed that if people do not have access to these things then a Government could never be run properly and would fail each and every time. Madison also believed that the only way to true freedom is through the advancement and availability of documents and books that the Government possesses for the people.

" . . . [K]nowledge of our own history is essential in the making of Americans. The reasons for this belief may be summed up under four main heads. History makes loyal citizens because memories of common experiences and common aspirations are essential ingredients in patriotism. History makes intelligent voters because sound decisions about present problems must be based on knowledge of the past. History makes good neighbors because it teaches tolerance of individual differences and appreciation of varied abilities and interests. History makes stable, well-rounded individuals because it gives them a start toward understanding the pattern of society and toward enjoying the artistic and intellectual productions of the past. It gives long views, a perspective, a measure of what is permanent in a nation’s life. "

10. Both statements seem to be getting at the same ideas such as knowledge is power. Both statements are also calling the reader to go out and attain this knowledge so that the country can be a better more stable and well rounded place. Both documents also allude to the fact that you must put in the time because you get out what you put in and even with the availability of history and government documents you must read these to further understand the context and deeper meaning.
     In the AHA statement it focuses on history and how specifically the population, neighbors, voters, and individuals can benefit from the knowledge of history. In Madison's statement he talks about how the gaining of knowledge will effect the countries and not just the individuals like the AHA statement. He also talks about the presence of failure if this knowledge is not gained and studied and how that can lead to tragedy and brokenness of a country.

Part C

11. This year I have learned to paraphrase, hyperlink, summarize, avoid plagiarism, and check for source accuracy and reliability. In my blog post, 2.6 Philanthropy, I was able to successfully gather and hyperlink useful and academic sources that helped to prove the point of W. Barron Hilton who is a modern day philanthropist. Reliable information has been one of the key points that I have learned to gather and check for this year in US history and this is a skill that I will need to have with me for all of my classes going forward.
      This year in US history has also had an emphasis on paraphrasing and summarizing such as the main differences and how to successfully do both of these because they are useful in many different situations. Before this year I had no idea that there was even a difference in the two, I thought you could use paraphrase and summarize interchangeably. Later on this year though I learned how to effectively use both of these skills to strengthen my research and writing for future classes in my career.

12. My favorite part of the film project was the exhibit because I was able to find really interesting artifacts/papers that directly related to the Hostage Crisis and the movie, Argo. I also really enjoyed getting to make my invitation even though it took quite a while to make because of the rips that I had to insert into the sides of the invitation. The guest list was also fun because I learned some new facts about a few of the people that were actually in the movie and the 6 hostages that were able to escape from Iran. I also really enjoyed making the menu because it didn't really have to be academic so I got to use really whatever I wanted and relate it to the movie in some fun or creative way. Finally, I also really enjoyed the in class write because I was able to get my thoughts down and really show what I had spent all of this time researching in class and at home. It was really cool to see the similarities and differences from the film to what actually happened.

13. I found Michaela's 2.10 Thinking Like a Historian blog post to be exceptional work. Although this was not one of the longer posts such as the in class write or essay posts I felt like it get all the necessary information in the post within the shortest amount of space. She did a very good job of only including useful information and following the directions to the tee. I believe this was good work because she included all of the information she needed and followed all of the directions that were given while making an informative and effective blog post on yellow journalism.

14. “I can hear you! I can hear you! The rest of the world hears you! And the people -- and the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon!” - George W. Bush
This is inspirational to me because it was President Bush’s call to action and something that was said while on the actual remains and rubble from the 9/11 twin tower attack. It also was very inspirational because he decided to actually go to the site of the damage and see it first hand. Also, earlier I said that I would rank crisis leadership number one in the survey, well President Bush had to persevere through one of the toughest times as a leader of the U.S. and was able to empower his people successfully.

15.
This is an image from Pearl Harbor and shows the absolute terror, destruction, and chaos on that faithful warning but this serves as a glimpse into a united nation fighting for each other and the person beside them.
This image is from Jackie Robinson’s Major League Baseball debut for the Brooklyn Dodgers and I like this image because it shows the grit, determination, and fight that it took for Jackie to get where he did.
I love this image of Americans raising the Flag at Iwo Jima because it perfectly encaptures the amount of pride, sacrifice, and hurt that went along in order to complete this seemingly easy task.

Monday, April 29, 2019

2.15 In-Class Write - Argo

Argo Write - In Class

1. Argo does an amazing job setting the first scene up in the movie with background information before it dives straight into the characters and events that take place in the movie. At the beginning there is a narrator that talks about the history of Iran and how it was a Persian Empire that was ruled by Kings for 2500 years known as Shahs. The movie talks about the election of Mohammad Mosaddegh who was a secular democrat that became Prime Minister. Mohammad Mosaddegh had the support of his people because he was able to return Iran's oil to his people. The movie also mentions that in 1953 the U.S. and Great Britain arrange a coup to overthrow and install a new Shah to Iran. The U.S. choose to install Reza Pahlavi, and he did a terrible job at pleasing his population. It was said that people starved, his wife bathed in milk, wanted to westernize Iran, and had a ruthless internal police known as the SAVAK all of which enraged his people. In 1979 the Shah was overthrown and Iran soon became entangled in score settling, death squads, and chaos which led to the former Shah being taken in by the U.S. The people of Iran then took the U.S. Embassy in an act of rage and demanded the Shah to be returned, tried, and hanged.
     Many of the events that took place in the movie were historically accurate. Six U.S. Embassy hostages did manage to escape and hide out in the Canadian Ambassadors property. The U.S. did send in a CIA Agent in to extract the stranded hostages with the plan being to pretend that they were filming a movie, 'Argo', in Iran. The airport scenes were dramatized but the hostages did really go through customs and fly their way out of Iranian airspace even with many pressing threats such as immigration officials, revolutionary guards, and flight details and paperwork. Studio Six Productions was a fake Hollywood company that was fully funded by the CIA in order to better convince the Iranian immigration control that the movie was actually happening and it helped to fully credidate their cover story as a production crew. Thankfully, the 6 American hostages and the 2 CIA Agents were able to safely make their trip back to America and were greeted with open arms after their many days spent in Iran.

2. One of the most important historical facts that was left out of the movie was that the Canadian government actually had much more to do with the operation than the film portrays. The movie also does not show that there was a second CIA Agent, Lee Schatz, who helped Tony Mendez in the extraction of the American hostages. The movie does not go into depth with the time that the Americans spent in hiding but they had been with the ambassador for about 80 days before this extraction took place. Mendez actually left early the morning of the escape and scouted out the airport to ensure that everything was going to plan and there would not be any surprises waiting for them as they walked by.
     The airport scene was one of the most dramatized portions of the movie. Although the Americans did have to travel through customs and board the plane, there were many discrepancies between what actually took place. The Americans spent many long hours in the crowded, clogged, and chaotic airport wondering when they would finally be home. The hostages flight was actually delayed an hour so they all had to wait in the departure lounge for an extra hour while revolutionary guards were making their rounds. In an interview after the escape Agent Mendez recalls that he knew that the final stop (customs) would be the weak spot if any in the escape. He knew that the patrol officers would have to correctly identify and match the current health card with the one you receive when entering Iran. If the match would have failed than the whole mission would have been a bust and the escape would have never happened. When Mendez handed the guards his card they went to a back room and he was not sure what they were doing but it turns out that the guards had actually just taken a tea break and when they came back they stamped the Americas through to the terminal. Once out of the Iranian airspace it was not only just the Americans but the whole plane was cheering now that they could escape from the violent and lawless streets of Iran.

3. I think if the filmmaker had another 20 minutes that he could have added a scene with the actual hostages stuck in the Embassy to show what could have been for the six that escaped. This would historically show some of the terrible circumstances that were just narrowly avoided and it would help to add suspense and pull on the heart strings of the audience knowing that there are still many hostages still stuck in Iran. This would also add a chance for another movie because it is almost as if the work is not done until everybody is free from Iran and back in the U.S. Overall I think that 'Argo' hit many of the main points of the operation and extraction of the 6 hostages, the only thing I would add would be a scene in the embassy that shows some of the hard times and rough road that some of the hostages had to face while being held for 444 days.

2.14 Annotated Sources - Argo

Annotated Sources:

Argo - Iranian Hostage Crisis Movie.

US History Textbook "Hostage Crisis" pg.190-191 - Iranian Hostage Crisis overview, and US security agreements with other countries.

Argo Film Locations - This source talked about the real life film locations used in Argo to make the movie look like it was filmed in Iran.

CIA - Document on 6 CIA Hostages Held captive.

CIA Agent Recalls Escape - Former CIA Agent gives details on how the operation unfolded and some of the challenges/obstacles that arose.

2.13 Menu - Argo

Iranian Hostage Crisis Menu -

Water is a necessity and resembles life for the hostages that survived being captured for 444  days.

Macallan would be used to help calm the nerves of the worrisome hostages while they were behind enemy lines.

Leek soup is easily prepared so it would be used as the appetizer and would help show how little initiative was taken by the captors to ensure enough was being done in order to take of the hostages.

The hamburger is an American favorite and would be served at the dinner party because the hostages were away from some of their favorite American foods for such a long time.
Sangak bread is a typical Iranian side for dishes and would represent the bare minimum of food given to the Americans while they were Held hostage in Iran.

The chocolate cake would be used as dessert and would help to remind the hostages of the food that they were taken away from for 444 days while being held hostage.

2.12 Exhibit - Argo

Iranian Hostage Crisis Exhibit -

Actual business cards used by fake film crew in rescue of Hostages.


Image of Cover to book about covert operation to extract 6 American Hostages.

Image of actual script of "Argo" used as evidence of film project to help escape the hostages in hiding.
Image from a letter written by Jimmy Carter regarding the release of the hostages.

Image of crowd awaiting the arrival of the Iranian Hostages.

Telegram that confirms the known details of the Iranian Hostage Crisis.

Image of Hostage being held while in Iran.
Image of US Embassy being stormed.

2.11 Invitation - Argo

Guests:
Ambassador Taylor - The Canadian Ambassador at the time of Iranian Hostage Crisis, would make a good guest because of his actual first hand experience of the Hostage Crisis and some of the information that he could provide while at dinner.
Ben Affleck - Plays Tony Mendez who was an actual CIA Agent, would be a good guest because he could provide his expertise in the film industry and provide information on the film industry for the actual participants in the Hostage Crisis.
John Goodman - Plays make up artist, John Chambers, would be a good guest to have because of his humor and easily sociable attitude.
Tony Mendez - Actual CIA Agent, would be a good guest because he could specialize in giving some of the details in planning and preparation for an operation like this to take place.
Robert Anders - Actual Hostage Crisis Survivor, would be a good guest because he was the oldest of the hostage group and seemed to take charge and make the calls on what should be done next.
Joseph Stafford - Actual Hostage Crisis Survivor, would be able to provide a detailed account of what all took place while the Hostage Crisis was unfolding.
Kathleen Stafford - Actual Hostage Crisis Survivor, would make a good guest because she would be able to speak on some of the emotions and actions that took place to flee the embassy and reside in enemy territory for so long.
Mathew Wald - Writer for New York Times, would make a good guest because of his close work with the Argo cast and the actual survivors of the Iranian Hostage Crisis so would be able to spark conversation on both sides.

Monday, April 15, 2019

2.10 Thinking Like a Historian

Sign in a Chicago Park in 1917 that is deterring German Americans from entering.

The conditions for German Americans became unbearable in World War 1 and they were being targeted constantly by the American society. German Americans were the receivers of much hostility from Americans that were fearful of a German revolt on their own home soil.